I-VSWR, ukulahleka kokubuya (RL), amandla abonakalisiwe, kanye namandla adluliselwe

Ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), ukulahleka kokubuya (RL), amandla abonakalisiwe, kanye namandla adlulisiwe buxhunyaniswe nge-reflection coefficient (Γ). Ngezansi amafomula nezinyathelo ezibalulekile zokuguqulwa:

### **Amafomula Ayinhloko**
1. **I-Reflection Coefficient (Γ)**:

\Gamma = \frac{\text{VSWR} - 1}{\text{VSWR} + 1}

2. **VSWR** kusuka ku-Γ:

\text{VSWR} = \frac{1 + |\Gamma|}{1 - |\Gamma|}

3. **Ukulahlekelwa Kokubuyiselwa (RL)** ku-dB:

\umbhalo{RL (dB)} = -20 \log_{10}(|\Gamma|)

4. **Amandla Abonisiwe (%)**:

P_{\text{refl}} = |\Gamma|^2 \times 100\%

5. **Amandla Adlulisiwe (%)**:

P_{\text{trans}} = \kwesobunxele(1 - |\Gamma|^2\kwesokudla) \izikhathi eziyi-100\%

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### **Izinyathelo Zokuguqula**
#### **1. Kuqala nge-VSWR**:
- Bala i-Γ:

\Gamma = \frac{\text{VSWR} - 1}{\text{VSWR} + 1}

- Sebenzisa u-Γ ukuthola i-RL, amandla abonakalisiwe, kanye namandla adlulisiwe usebenzisa amafomula angenhla.

#### **2. Ukuqala ngokulahlekelwa kokubuyiselwa (RL ku-dB)**:
- Bala i-Γ:

|\Gamma| = 10^{-\umbhalo{RL}/20}

- Sebenzisa u-Γ ukuthola i-VSWR, amandla abonakalisiwe, kanye namandla adlulisiwe.

#### **3. Ukuqala Ngamandla Abonakalisiwe/Adlulisiwe**:
- Nge-**amandla abonisiwe** (\(P_{\text{refl}}\)):

|\Gamma| = \sqrt{\frac{P_{\text{refl}}}{100}}

- Nge-**amandla adlulisiwe** (\(P_{\text{trans}}\)):

|\Gamma| = \sqrt{1 - \frac{P_{\text{trans}}}{100}}

- Sebenzisa u-Γ ukubala i-VSWR kanye ne-RL.

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### **Ithebula Lesibonelo**
| **VSWR** | **Ukulahlekelwa Kokubuyiselwa (dB)** | **Amandla Abonisiwe (%)** | **Amandla Adlulisiwe (%)** |
|--------|- ...--|
| 1.0 | ∞ (Umdlalo ophelele) | 0% | 100% |
| 1.5 | 14.0 dB | 4% | 96% |
| 2.0 | 9.5 dB | 11.1% | 88.9% |
| 3.0 | 6.0 dB | 25% | 75% |

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### **Amanothi Ayisihluthulelo**
- I-**VSWR ka-1:1** isho ukuthi akukho ukubonakaliswa (Γ = 0, RL = ∞).
- **I-VSWR** ephezulu noma **i-RL** ephansi ikhombisa amandla abonakala kakhulu.
- **Amandla adlulisiwe** akhuliswa kakhulu uma i-VSWR ≈ 1.

Sebenzisa lawa mafomula ukuze uguqule phakathi kwamapharamitha okufanisa i-impedance ezinhlelweni ze-RF.