Izixazululo ze-RF zesizukulwane esilandelayo zamanethiwekhi athuthukisiwe e-5G (5.5G) kanye nawangasese
Ukunika amandla ukuxhumana ngocingo okuthembekile kakhulu, okubambezeleka kancane ngezihlungi ezithuthukisiwe ezifakwe amamodeli e-Multi-Physics, ukwesekwa okukhulu kwe-MIMO, kanye nokuphathwa kokushisa okunamandla aphezulu.
Isimo sezokuxhumana sishintsha kakhulu. Njengoba sishintsha kusuka ku-5G ejwayelekile siye ku-3GPP Release 18 echazwe njenge-5G-Advanced (evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-5.5G), izidingo ezibekwe engqalasizinda yeRadio Frequency (RF) zifinyelela emazingeni angakaze abonwe. I-spectrum iya ngokuya iminyene kakhulu, okudinga izindlela ezintsha zokunciphisa ubumsulwa besignali kanye nokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka.
Isikhathi Sokuminyana Okukhulu Kwe-MIMO Ne-Spectrum
Esikhathini se-5.5G, izakhiwo zenethiwekhi zithembele kakhulu ku-Ama-Antenna Arrays Akhulu Kakhulu (i-Massive MIMO)Nakuba lobu buchwepheshe bukhulisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwe-spectral kanye nomthamo wenethiwekhi, buletha ubunzima obukhulu engxenyeni engaphambili ye-RF. Indawo ye-electromagnetic igcwele kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili, ngamabhendi emvamisa aseduze ahlanganiswe ndawonye ukuze kusetshenziswe kakhulu i-bandwidth.
Lokhu kuqina kwe-spectrum okweqile kusho ukuthi izihlungi ze-RF zendabuko azisanele. Iziteshi zesisekelo ze-5.5G zidinga izihlungi ezineziketi ezinde kakhulu (amakhono aphezulu okwenqaba) ukuvimbela ukuphuma kwesignali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba lezi zinhlelo ze-Massive MIMO zicindezela amandla okudlulisa aphezulu ukuze kufinyelelwe isivinini se-gigabit, zikhiqiza imithwalo emikhulu yokushisa. Lokhu kushisa kuthinta ngqo ubukhulu obubonakalayo bezimbobo zesihlungi, okuholela esimeni esaziwa ngokuthi ukukhukhuleka kokushisa noma ukushintsha kwemvamisa, okwehlisa ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi nokuthembeka.
Izithiyo Ezibucayi ku-5.5G
⚠️Ukuminyana Okukhulu Kwe-Spectrum:Amabhendi aqinile adinga ukwenqatshwa okungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili ngaphandle kwebhendi.
⚠️Ubunzima obukhulu be-MIMO:Ukucushwa kwe-64T64R kanye ne-128T128R kudinga izingxenye ezincane kodwa eziqinile.
⚠️Imithwalo Ephakeme Yokushisa:Ukudluliselwa okuqhubekayo okunamandla aphezulu kubangela ukwanda kwesikhala kanye nokuzulazula kwemvamisa.
Izinselele (Izithiyo Zobuchwepheshe)
Ukusebenzisa amanethiwekhi azimele e-5.5G kanye nezimboni kuletha izinselele eziyingqayizivele zomzimba kanye ne-electromagnetic izingxenye ze-RF ezijwayelekile ezingenakukwazi ukusinda.
Ukuphazamiseka Kwesiteshi Esiseduze Esingaphansi Kwe-6GHz
Ibhendi yemvamisa ye-Sub-6GHz iyisisetshenziswa esiyisisekelo sokusetshenziswa kwe-5G kanye ne-5.5G emhlabeni jikelele, okunikeza ibhalansi efanele phakathi kwendawo yokumboza kanye nokudluliselwa kwedatha. Kodwa-ke, njengoba opharetha bezokuxhumana bekhulisa amalayisense abo e-spectrum, amabhendi okuvikela phakathi kweziteshi ezisebenzayo ancipha kakhulu.
Lokhu kusondelana kubangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwesiteshi esiseduze (i-ACI). Lapho isiteshi sesisekelo esinamandla aphezulu sidlulisa, umsindo ongokwemvelo kanye nemikhiqizo ye-intermodulation ingangena kumaza angomakhelwane, yonakalise ngokuphelele i-Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR). Kumanethiwekhi azimele asebenza ezimbonini ezihlakaniphile, lokhu kuphazamiseka kungabangela ukulahleka kwephakethe okungamukeleki, okusongela ngqo ukuphepha nokuvumelanisa kwemishini ezenzakalelayo.
Ukushabalalisa Ukushisa Nokushintsha Kwemvamisa
Iziteshi zesisekelo ze-5.5G zisebenza ngamazinga aphezulu kakhulu amandla ukuze zigcine ukumbozwa okubanzi kanye nokungena okujulile ngaphakathi. Lawa mandla e-RF anamandla aphezulu aqhubekayo akhiqiza umphumela wokushisa onamandla ngaphakathi kwezingxenye ezingasebenzi, ikakhulukazi izihlungi ze-cavity kanye nezihlanganisi.
Imigodi ye-aluminium ejwayelekile noma ye-alloy yendabuko ihlushwa yi-Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) ephezulu. Njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, ubukhulu obubonakalayo bemigodi ye-resonant buyanda. Esizindeni se-microwave, ngisho noshintsho oluncane ngobukhulu bemigodi lubangela ukushintsha okukhulu kwemvamisa (Temperature Drift). Uma imvamisa ephakathi iguguleka, isiketi sokwenqatshwa kwesihlungi singena ku-passband, sinqamule isignali ehlosiwe futhi sinciphise ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi ngendlela eyingozi.
Izixazululo Zethu Ezintsha
I-Leader Microwave iklame isethi eyingqayizivele yezingxenye ze-RF ezithuthukisiwe eziklanyelwe ngqo ukunqoba amaqiniso anzima e-5.5G kanye namanethiwekhi azimele ezimboni. Ngesayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokumodela kwekhompyutha, sinikeza ukusebenza okungenakuyekethiswa.
Izinto Ezithuthukisiwe Ezinokushisa Okuphezulu
Ukuze silwe nokwanda kokushisa, siguqule imiklamo yethu yezimbobo ngokufaka izinsimbi ezijwayelekile ngezinto ezikhethekile kakhulu, ezingamelani nokushisa. Sisebenzisa izinduku ze-resonator ze-Invar alloy (FeNi36). I-Invar ine-Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) ecishe ibe yi-zero, eqinisekisa ukuthi ubukhulu be-resonator buhlala buphelele ngisho nangaphansi kokucindezeleka okukhulu kokushisa.
Kuhlanganiswe nezikulufo zokulungisa zethusi ezisebenza ngomshini oqondile kanye nezikhonkwane zangaphakathi ezimbozwe ngesiliva, izihlungi zethu zigcina ukuzinza okuphelele kwemvamisa, ziqeda ngokuphelele ukukhukhuleka kwezinga lokushisa eziteshini zesisekelo ezinamandla aphezulu angu-5.5G.
Ukumodela Kokulingisa I-Multi-Fiziksi
Ngaphambi kokuba kunqunywe ucezu olulodwa lwensimbi, ithimba lethu lobunjiniyela lisebenzisa i-Multi-Physics Simulation Software yobuchwepheshe besimanje (ehlanganisa ukuhlaziywa kwesakhiwo se-electromagnetic, thermal, kanye ne-mechanical). Ngokulingisa izindawo ezinamandla amakhulu ezithwala izinto eziningi endaweni ebonakalayo, singakhomba izindawo ezishisayo ezishisayo kanye nezinkinga zokuxhumanisa i-electromagnetic.
Lokhu kumodela okuqinile kusenza sikwazi ukuklama i-geometry yesikhala esifanele kanye nezakhiwo ze-heat-sink, okuqinisekisa ukuthi izingxenye zethu zithola ukusebenza okuphezulu kakhulu, i-Q-factor ephezulu kakhulu, kanye nokusatshalaliswa kokushisa okuhle kakhulu ngokushesha.
Umklamo we-PIM ophansi kakhulu
I-Passive Intermodulation (PIM) iwukubulala buthule amandla enethiwekhi. Ezindaweni ezingama-5.5G lapho kudluliswa khona amanethiwekhi amaningi anamandla aphezulu ngasikhathi sinye, ukungalungi kwezakhi ze-RF kukhiqiza amasignali e-ghost (PIM) aphuphuthekisa umamukeli.
I-Leader Microwave isebenzisa ifilosofi eqinile yokuklama i-Low PIM. Ngokwakhiwa kwe-cavity okungenamthungo, amaphuzu okucindezela okuxhumana alungiselelwe, amasu akhethekile okunamathisela, kanye nokuqedwa kwendawo ebushelelezi kakhulu, siqinisekisa ubumsulwa besignali obumangalisayo. Izihlukanisi zethu zamandla ze-Low PIM kanye nama-duplexer ziqinisekisa ukuthi iziteshi zesisekelo zikhulisa indawo yazo yokumboza ngenkathi zinciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokusebenzisa amandla zomqhubi.
Ukunika Amandla Amanethiwekhi Azimele Ezimboni
Amanethiwekhi azimele e-5.5G ayinsika yeNguquko Yezimboni Yesine. Izindawo ezifana nama-Smart Factories, ama-Automated Ports, kanye ne-Deep-Shaft Mining zidinga ukuthi ukubambezeleka kwenethiwekhi kucindezelwe phansi kufike kuma-millisecond, kanti ukuthembeka kufinyelela ku-99.9999%.
Izihlungi zethu ze-RF, izihlanganisi, kanye nezinhlaka zekhebula ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ziqeda ukuphazamiseka futhi ziqinisekisa ukuthi idatha ebalulekile—kusukela ekusebenzeni kwe-crane ekude kuya emigqeni yokuhlanganisa yamarobhothi—idluliselwa ngokungenaphutha, ngaphandle kokulibaziseka noma ukuphazamiseka okubangelwa umsindo we-RF.
